Electric table-lamp.



R. s. GIESE.

ELECTRIC TABLE LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED APRB, 1914.

Patented Dec. 15,1914.

WITNESSES ATTORNEY ATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELECTRIC TABLE-LAMP.

menace.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 8, 1914. Serial No. 830,481.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RICHARD S. G nsu, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Electric Table-Lamp, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in electric table lamps commonly known as portables, and its obyect 18 to provide an ornate and eflicient table lamp of one piece of glass.

In accordance with the present invention the lamp structure comprises a base, stem and shade made in a one piece shell all of glass, with the top of the shade port on of the lamp open for access to the interior of the structure, while through the stem of the lamp there is extended a post made fast in the base of the lamp and centered where the stem of the lamp merges into the shade or bowl, so as to readily conform to any expansion or contraction of the glass structure under atmospheric and other conditions. With such an arrangement an electric bulb 1S readily housed within the shade or bowl, so as to cause a soft diffused read ng l ght and also serving to cause diffused illumination through a room, while more intense light is projected directly against the celling for reflection, to a great measure equalizing the illumination. the light thrown out thereby is very pleasant to the eyes, and at the same time may have ample intensity for the purposes of a table lamp, with the additional advantages of more extehsive illumination due to the more intense and unimpeded light rays projected against the ceiling, but which light rays are not at all trying or obtruslve to the eyes of the persons within the room, since the eyes are protected against the effect of direct light by the inolosing shade or bowl of the lamp.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, .jne accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with the further un derstanding that while the drawings show a practical form of the invention, the latter is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing of the drawings, but may be changed and modified so long as such changes and modifications mark no material l-Ha WVith such a lamp taken in connection with departure from the salient features of the invention.

In. the drawings :-Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of a lamp embodying.

the present invention, some parts bemg shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l. i l

Patented Dec. 15, 1914. I

Referring to the drawings,there is shown a one-piece lamp structure comprising-a shade or bowl 1, a stem 2, and a base 3, this lamp structure being formed of one piece of glass which may be of approximately even thickness throughout, although some differences in thickness are not material. The bowl or shade 1 is indicated as of frusto-conical outline with an inturned top flange 4 leaving a top opening 5 of a little less area than the top of the shade. Of course, the bowl or shade 1 may be of various other shapes, and is not by any means limited to a frusto-conical shape. bowl or globe 1 is designed to inclose an electric lamp 6 of any suitable type, and since such lamp inclosing structures are usually termed globes the bowl or shade 1 This may also be termed a globe, even thou h globular. v

The globe 1 is.formed on the upper end of the stem 2, considering the lamp structure in operative position, and in the particular form shown the stem 2 expands downwardly and mergesgradually into a laterally expanded base 3 having an inwardly convex bottomportion 7, so that the base 3 is supported at the marginal portions and incloses between the surface upon which the base is placed and the bottom portion 7 a chamber 8, which latter may be of any desired extent within the confines of the base 3. The raised bottom portion 7 is provided with a central opening 9 therethrough, and through this opening there is extended the nipple end 10 of a metal hickey 11, the nipple 10 receiving a nut 12 by means of which the hi'ckey 11 is made fast to the base of the lamp. Rising from the hickey 11 is a tubu lar standard 13 which may beformed of a metal tube such as is commonly employed as a conduit for conductors in electric lamp structures, and this tube terminates at the end remote from the hickey 11 in a threaded nipple 1-1 rising from a shoulder 15. Applied to the nipple 14, is the base extension 16 of an electric lamp socket 17 of customary construction, and arranged to receive the lamp 6 in the ordinary manner. Clamped against the shoulder 15 by the socket 17 is a spider 18 having flexible arms 19 shaped to sufiicient elasticity to hold the parts securely centered even though there be more Or less expansion and contraction of the glass part of the structure.

In order to conve current to the lamp, the base portion or t e lower portion of the stem 2 has a passage 20 therethrough for the admission of a suitable conducting cord 21 which may be in the form of a flexible double conductor such as is commonly used in table lamps. V

The lamp 6 is readily applied to the socket 7 or removed therefrom through the open upper end 5 of the globe 1, this open end being of ample area for the purpose, whilethe relatively flexible spider 18 permits expansion and contraction of the lamp structure under temperature and other changes without sensibly displacing the lamp'6', and without bringing undue strain upon the bottom 7 'where the post 13 is secured thereto.

Of course, the lamp structure may be variously ornamented, but no attempt is made to showany articular ornamentation in the drawings, w ile the general shape of the lamp may be made very ornate with or without the assistance of surface or color ornamentation.

The lamp being made of glass throu hout so far as its visible surface is concerne ,will

glow more or less all over when the inclosed' lamp is lighted up, while the bowl 1 in which the light unit is immediately located, may be made to glow with any brilliancy desired within the power of the lamp 6. By making the lamp structure of some diffusive form of glass, such, for instance, as that known as milk or translucent glass, bright spots are wholly avoided though the illumination about the lamp, and especially laterally and downwardly, is particularly effective. At the same time rays may issue unimpeded through the open top of the globe, and striking against the ceiling be diffused about the room in a manner lighting the room much more effectively than is possible where the lamp is wholly inclosed against the escape of light except through glass. Such a lamp as shown in the drawings casts no dense shadows, and the illumination is not unlike that caused by fixtures commonly termed semi-indirect lighting fixtures.

In no case are the eyes of the observers subjected in the ordinary use of the room to the effects of direct rays of light coming from the lamp, while the general lighting of the room due to the presence of the lamp and the intensity of ceiling light, is much more uniform and brilliant than with wholly inclosed lamps, or those where .the shade is closed at the top and open at the bottom.

\Vhile milk glass has been mentioned as one fOFHI Of glass which may be employed, it is to be understood that any diffusive type of glass protecting the eyes of the observer against the direct glare of the lamp may be employed, and is at all times to be preferred to the use of clear glass, unless it be of the diffusive prismatic type, and even then the open top 1s advantageous.

\Vhile it is advantageous to make the base, stem and bowl in one piece of glass, certain features of the invention might be employed in a structure similar to that shown, except that it be made in more than one piece, but the single piece structure is advantageous, and is to be preferred, and, moreover, there is a decided saving in cost of manufacture of theglass ortable of the present invention. While the invention has been described as an electric lamp structure, it will be understood that it is susceptible of use to good advantage when gas is the illuminant.

To provide for chain-pull sockets, the bottom of the globe portion is provided with a small passage 22 through which a chain 23, supplied with chain-pull sockets, is passed. 7

hat is claimed is 1. A table lamp or ortable comprising a base, stem and 'lobe all of glass, with a central standard fast to and rising from the base through the stem and carryin atthe upper end a flexible centering spider provided with arms engaging the globe where joining the stem. p

2. A table lamp or portable comprising a base, stem and globe all of glass, with a central standard ast to and rising from the base through the stem and carrying at the upper end a flexible centering spider provided with arms engaging the globe where joining the stem, the globe having an'open top and being of a height above the stem to completely inclose light-giving means carried by the standard above the spider.

3. A one-piece glass table lamp or portable, comprising a base, stem and globe with an open top and otherwise substantially closed, with supporting means for a lightgiving element rising from the base and extendin through the stem and provided with yieldable centering means adjacent to the upper end of the stem.

4. A. one-piece table lamp or portable,

constructed of glass and comprising a base,

a stem and a globe risin from the stem with the bottom portion of t -e globe laterally expanded and from thence contracting toward the top of the globe and there freely open, and a support for a light-givin means carried by t carr an electric lamp of suitable size wholl within the globe.

5. A table lamp or portable, comprising a base, stem and globe all of glass, the globe having an open top and otherwise substantially closed, a support for a light-giving element rigidly connected to and rising from the base and extending through the stem and terminating within the globe, and centering means for the support adjacent to the upper end of the stem. 7

6. A lamp comprising a base, stem and globe all of glass and in one piece, and open only at the top, with a light giving element housed completely within the lamp and connected directly and rigidly to the base, the opening at the top being of a size to ermit the insertion and removal of the lig t-giving element and connections.

7. An electric lamp comprising a base, stem, and globe all of glass in one piece, and open only at the top, a tubular support connectedat the lower end to the base and rising through the stem, a centering means on the support adiacent to the up er end of the stem, and an e ectric lamp soc et at the upper end of the support above the centering means and entering the globe.

8. An electric lamp com rising a base, an elongated stem, and a glo all of glass in e base and stem and o a length to.

one piece and open only at the top, an upright tubular standard extending lengt wise of the stem and provided at the lower end with a nipple extended through the base and below the latter provided with a clamp nut rigidly securing the standard to the base, said standard stopping short 'of the globe, a centering spider carried by the standard adjacent to the upper end of the stem, and an electric lamp socket carried by the upper end of the standard above the centering spider and entering the globe in line with the opening at the top thereof.

9. An electric lamp comprising a base,

stem and gllobe all of glass and in one piece,

the globe aving an open top, an elongated support extending lengthwise through the stem and provided adjacent to its upper end with centering means, and at the lower end provided with means for fixedly holding the support to the lamp at the basic portion thereof, and an electric lamp socket at the upper end of the support above the centering means in position 'to sustain an incandescent electric lamp within the globe.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afiixed my signa ture in the presence of two witnesses.

RICHARD S. GIESE.

Witnesses:

A. G. THOMAS, L. K. Vonmmn. 

